Psychology  counterargument Discussion,

you will have to talk about the counterpoint of your issue. For example, if your story is about Climate Change, you would Discuss why some people don’t believe in climate change.And then for all of them, you will comment on a colleague’s post like you are having an intellectual conversation.  100 WORDS!!!

 
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Psychology  Case Study

Please read and answer all questions in these case study.For this week’s Assignment you will apply the theories, concepts and research that you have covered so far this term to hypothetical case studies. Your answers to the questions should consist of information from the text and supplemental readings.You also may use sources from the Kaplan Library or other credible Internet sources, but your primary sources should be : Miltenberger, R. G. (2016). Behavior Modification: Principles and Procedures, 6th Edition.Read each Case Study and answer the questions below. You will need to write 2-3 typed pages for each case in order to address all required parts of the project.Must be original work; plagiarism will not be tolerated. Please make sure to provide proper credit for those sources used in your case study analysis in proper APA format.  You must credit authors when you:Summarize a concept, theory or researchUse direct quotes from the text or articlesRead Case Study 1: Marla’s fear of social situationsMarla is a 24-year-old woman who recently graduated from college and began a new job at an advertising firm. She suffers from extreme fear of social situations. In college, she avoided parties and large gatherings and tended to keep to herself. Now that she is working, it is becoming increasingly difficult for her to avoid social situations. Her boss and co-workers expect her to attend office functions and client parties as networking is a large part of the job. Marla is very artistic and creative and has already designed several successful ads for clients, but she is afraid that she will lose her job because of the difficulties she is experiencing socially.Writea 2-3 page paper addressing the following:Define the target behavior in Marla’s case study by writing a 1–2 sentence operational definition that meets all of the following criteria:observablepasses the “Dead Man’s” test and the “stranger” testuses no labels or hypothetical constructsDescribe how respondent conditioning and operant conditioning are involved in the development of an anxiety problem or fear.Identify the CS and CR in Marla’s case study.Discuss the difference between systematic and in-vivo desensitization as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure.Design a behavior modification procedure for Marlautilizing either systematic desensitization or in vivo desensitization. Provide rationale for your selection.Include the following in your behavior modification procedure:a sample behavior hierarchyat least one relaxation procedurea description of how relaxation procedures and the behavior hierarchy are used togetherIn addition to the two desensitization procedures, your reading for this week covered two other ABA-based treatments that can be applied to assist clients with fear and anxiety. Identify these two treatments and describe how they could be implemented with Marla.Read Case Study 2: Jon’s hair pullingJon is a 6-year-old boy, with normal intelligence, who has a hair-pulling habit. The hair pulling occurs most often during periods of inactivity, such as during TV watching, quiet time in school, or waiting in line with his parents.Writea 2–3 page paper addressing the following:Provide a 1–2 sentence operational definition for Jon’s target behavior. Write a 1–2 sentence operational definition that meets all of the following criteria:observablepasses the “Dead Man’s” test and the “stranger” testuses no labels or hypothetical constructsDetermine whether Jon’s target behavior is a behavior excess or behavior deficit. Think of the risks of not intervening in Jon’s case and respond to the following:What are the short-term risks to Jon (in the next 3 months)?What are the long-term risks to Jon (in the next 6–12 months)?Design a habit reversal procedure for Jon describing all four components of habit reversal and how they would be implemented.Include the following in your habit reversal procedure:A specific competing responseDescribe how you could include the use of a differential reinforcement procedure*Note: Your description of differential reinforcement should include how to implement at least one of the differential reinforcement procedures from your reading (e.g., DRA, DRO, DRI, or DRL).Suppose that Jon had an intellectual disability. Explain how your habit reversal procedure might change to increase its effectiveness. Include one evidence-based procedure from your reading for this week.

 
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Psychology  Discussion 1: Philosophy of Science

Discussion: Philosophy of ScienceHow does the lens from which you view the world shape your approach to research inquiry? Why is it important as a scholar-practitioner engaged in research to acknowledge your worldview?The Learning Resources in this first week will help you answer these questions, and they will provide you with a foundation in the philosophy of science that will help you appreciate various research designs and methods. With this foundation, you will be encouraged to reflect on how your assumptions about the acquisition of truth and the nature of the world influence your approach to the research process.For this Discussion, you will identify an area of interest for a possible research topic. As you read about the different philosophical orientations in this week’s readings, consider if one of these orientations most closely aligns with your worldview and a particular approach to research.With these thoughts in mind:By Day 4Post a brief description of your topic of research interest. Next, state the philosophical orientation that reflects your worldview and explain the epistemological and ontological assumptions of this orientation. Then, explain how these assumptions lend themselves to one or more research approaches.Be sure to support your Main Issue Post and Response Post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA Style.Required ReadingsBabbie, E. (2017). Basics of social research (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.· Chapter 1, “Human Inquiry and Science”Burkholder, G. J., Cox, K. A., & Crawford, L. M. (2016). The scholar-practitioner’s guide to research design. Baltimore, MD: Laureate Publishing.· Chapter 2, “Philosophical Foundations and the Role of Theory in Research

 
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Psychology  Final Project – Part 3

Final Project – Part 3Revise your chosen methodology, design, and data-collection tools as needed. Also, define the process from the selection of participants (and stakeholders as applicable) through data collection to data analysis, including any limitations, delimiters, and assumptions. Include all ethical considerations. Paint a picture of the entire process to show how you will conduct the study.Guidelines for Submission: Your paper must be submitted as a five to seven page Word document with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, one-inch margins, and at least three sources cited in APA format.

 
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Psychology  Term Paper

Please read the instruction document first.

 
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Psychology  Case Conceptualization Paper

Please follow the instructions CAREFULLY. This paper needs to be written EXACTLY as the instructions state. The instructions are provided as well as the information needed to be filled out in paragraph form. This paper needs to be 10-13 pages in length. Please use sources within the paper as well.

 
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Psychology  Social Psychology Essay Questions

The assignment consists of short essay questions. Each question must be answered in 50–150 words.What are the key distinctions between social psychology and folk wisdom? What are some problems with folk wisdom?Imagine you are driving and that a driver in another car cuts you off. You have to slam on the brakes quickly to avoid an accident. If you were using the fundamental attribution error, how would you be likely to explain the driver’s behavior? Compare and contrast how a personality psychologist and a social psychologist would attempt to explain such behavior.Compare and contrast the self-esteem approach and the social cognition approach in terms of the motivations assumed to underlie human behavior. Imagine Mary-Ellen was told by a financial advisor that her credit was bad and that she needed to budget her money and spend less. What would Mary-Ellen’s behavior and thoughts be if she were motivated by self-esteem? What if she were motivated by social cognition?Take the question, “What is the relationship between temperature and aggression?” How would researchers interested in observational methods, correlational methods, and experimental methods differ in their approach to answering this question?What are internal and external validity, and how do researchers accomplish them? Is it possible to design research that is very high in both external and internal validity?Dr. Smith conducts an experiment to test the effects of attractiveness on helping behavior. Her hypothesis is that people will help attractive people more than unattractive people. Dr. Smith decides to have either the unattractive person or the attractive person stand outside of a building with many boxes in their arms. The person will struggle to open the door to the building. From 8:00 a.m. to noon, Dr. Smith has the unattractive person needing help, and from noon to 4:00 p.m., Dr. Smith has the attractive person needing help. Dr. Smith will sit on a nearby bench recording how many people help the person to open the door. Identify the dependent variable and independent variable. Does the experiment have good experimental realism? Does the experiment have good psychological realism? Does this experiment have good internal validity? Would you make any suggestions to improve the study?What is automatic processing and what are the two major types of automatic processing that people use? What is controlled processing? When do people use these different types of processing?What are the benefits and drawbacks to relying on automatic processes?Define the availability and representativeness heuristics. Give an example of each.Submit your response using the APA writing style in a Word document, and place it in the appropriate assignment dropbox. Be sure to review your writing for grammar and spelling before submitting the responses.

 
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Psychology  SocPsyc. 7

Journal 4Identify one ad (a static ad, not a commercial) you have seen that made you want a product or that you actually purchased a product you had not bought before. Evaluate it, and then reflect on the following questions.§ What product does this ad attempt to market, and where is the ad from? (Provide a website link or upload the picture. If this is not available, describe the ad.)§ Who is the intended audience for this ad?§ Which component(s) of attitudes (e.g., affective, behavioral, cognitive) most appeal to you with this ad?§ Knowing what you do about persuasion tactics, why do you think the ad was effective in catching your attention and making you consider purchasing the product?Your journal entry must be at least 200 words in length. No references or citations are necessary.Journal 5In this journal assignment, identify a time when you, or someone you know, was part of a group that suffered from social loafing. In your response, address the following items.§ Briefly explain how social loafing applied to the behaviors of your group members.§ Describe strategies that you think could have increased or decreased the likelihood of social loafing occurring in your group.§ Based on your answers above, what do you think would have been the best course of action to reduce social loafing in your group? How might your recommendation change if you were the one engaging in social loafing versus other group members?Your journal entry must be at least 200 words in length. No references or citations are necessary.Journal 6Think of a time that you used the concept of catharsis as a way to release frustration or anger. In your journal response, describe what you did to engage in catharsis. Then, discuss both the positive and the negative outcomes to which using catharsis led. Considering these outcomes, what might you do differently in a similar situation? What actions may be more successful in moving forward and/or feeling better?Your journal entry must be at least 200 words in length. No references or citations are necessary.

 
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Psychology  Discussion: Statistical Significance and Meaningfulness

Once you start to understand how exciting the world of statistics can be, it is tempting to fall into the trap of chasing statistical significance. That is, you may be tempted always to look for relationships that are statistically significant and believe they are valuable solely because of their significance. Although statistical hypothesis testing does help you evaluate claims, it is important to understand the limitations of statistical significance and to interpret the results within the context of the research and its pragmatic, “real world” application.As a scholar-practitioner, it is important for you to understand that just because a hypothesis test indicates a relationship exists between an intervention and an outcome, there is a difference between groups, or there is a correlation between two constructs, it does not always provide a default measure for its importance. Although relationships are significant, they can be very minute relationships, very small differences, or very weak correlations. In the end, we need to ask whether the relationships or differences observed are large enough that we should make some practical change in policy or practice.For this Discussion, you will explore statistical significance and meaningfulness.To prepare for this Discussion:Review the Learning Resources related to hypothesis testing, meaningfulness, and statistical significance.Review Magnusson’s web blog found in the Learning Resources to further your visualization and understanding of statistical power and significance testing.Review the American Statistical Association’s press release and consider the misconceptions and misuse of p-values.Consider the scenario:A research paper claims a meaningful contribution to the literature based on finding statistically significant relationships between predictor and response variables. In the footnotes, you see the following statement, “given this research was exploratory in nature, traditional levels of significance to reject the null hypotheses were relaxed to the .10 level.”Frankfort-Nachmias, C., Leon-Guerrero, A., & Davis, G. (2020). Social statistics for a diverse society (9th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Chapter 8, “Testing Hypothesis: Assumptions of Statistical Hypothesis Testing” (pp. 241-242)Wagner, III, W. E. (2020). Using IBM® SPSS® statistics for research methods and social science statistics (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Chapter 6, “Testing Hypotheses Using Means and Cross-Tabulation”https://rpsychologist.com/

 
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Psychology  Week 6 Discussion

Please no plagiarism. I have attached an example to go by. The population I chose and currently work with are incarcerated juveniles, so at-risk youth.Boundary IssuesIt may not be possible or reasonable for counselors to always avoid dual relationships with clients. For example, counselors who live and work in small rural communities may attend the same religious institutions as their clients, or use the same libraries, doctors, or other services. In these multiple-relationship situations, counselors would not be in violation of ethical standards if they took reasonable steps to protect their objectivity and efficacy, and to avoid possibilities of exploitation or harm.Counselors and supervisors usually consider dual relationships on a continuum of risk. As you work through the notion of dual relationships, you should consider the relationship with your client and the context of the situation. It is also important to consider the impact of dual roles on the power dynamics of the therapeutic relationship. For example, clients, students, and supervisees have less experience, knowledge, and power compared with licensed counselors and supervisors. Consequently, they are less likely to recognize inappropriate boundary crossings or to express their concerns about these crossings. It is your responsibility as an ethical practitioner to monitor and ensure appropriate boundaries across all related counseling situations.For this Discussion, review the Clinical Mental Health Counseling: Boundary Issues media and consider the population that you are interested in working with as a professional counselor. Then, review the Learning Resources for this week and explore potential boundary issues you may encounter while working with this population. Reflect on potential benefit or harm related to boundary crossing. Finally, consider potential consultants who might be able to address any boundary issues.Post by Day 3 a brief description of the population you selected. Then, explain any potential boundary issues you anticipate may be challenging in working with this population and explain why. Explain the potential benefit or harm associated with boundary crossing with this population. Finally, explain who you might consult with to address this boundary issue and why.Be sure to use the Learning Resources and the current literature to support your response.Respond by Day 5 and expand on your colleague’s posting by providing an alternate perspective on how you would work with your colleague’s selected population. Provide potential boundary crossing challenges that your colleague did not discuss and offer potential solutions for addressing these challenges.Required ResourcesNote: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.ReadingsHerlihy, B., & Corey, G. (2015). ACA ethical standards casebook (7th ed.). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.Chapter 5, “Managing Value Conflicts” (pp. 193–204)Chapter 7, “Managing Boundaries” (pp. 215–229)Chapter 12, “The Intersection of Ethics and Law” (pp. 281–288)Remley, T. P., Jr., & Herlihy, B. (2016). Ethical, legal, and professional issues in counseling (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.Chapter 9, “Boundary Issues” (pp. 216-244)Brown, C., & Trangsrud, H. B. (2008). Factors associated with acceptance and decline of client gift giving. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39(5), 505–511.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.Burwell-Pender, L., & Halinski, K. H. (2008). Enhanced awareness of countertransference. Journal of Professional Counseling, Practice, Theory, & Research, 36(2), 38–51.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.Erickson, S. H. (2001). Multiple relationships in rural counseling. The Family Journal, 9(3), 302–304.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.Heaton, K. J., & Black, L. L. (2009). I knew you when: A case study of managing preexisting nonamorous relationships in counseling. The Family Journal, 17(2), 134–138.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.Case StudiesHerlihy, B., & Corey, G. (2015). ACA ethical standards casebook (7th ed.). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.“Case Study 8: Couples Counseling Gone Wrong” (pp. 189-192)“Case Study 9: I’m Stuck” (pp. 198-202)“Case Study 13: Disputing Unhealthy Beliefs or Imposing Values”(pp. 223-226)MediaLaureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012). Clinical mental health counseling: Boundary issues [Video]. Baltimore, MD: Author.Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 4 minutes.Optional ResourcesKress, V. E., & Dixon, A. (2007). Consensual faculty-student sexual relationships in counselor education: Recommendations for counselor educators’ decision making. Counselor Education & Supervision, 47(2), 110–122.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.Pope, K. S., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (2008). A practical approach to boundaries in psychotherapy: Making decisions, bypassing blunders, and mending fences. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 64(5), 638–652.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

 
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