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{"id":8627,"date":"2020-08-19T08:55:30","date_gmt":"2020-08-19T08:55:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nursingwritersbureau.com\/?p=8627"},"modified":"2020-08-19T08:55:30","modified_gmt":"2020-08-19T08:55:30","slug":"critical-reasoning-propaganda-fallacies-and-loaded-language","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nursingwritersbureau.com\/critical-reasoning-propaganda-fallacies-and-loaded-language\/","title":{"rendered":"Critical Reasoning&#8230;Propaganda, Fallacies And Loaded Language"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>This final assignment is due by Thursday, September 3rd, by 11:59 pm EST through turn-it-in.com.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Because I must meet a deadline for final grades, it is very important that final assignments be submitted on time.\u00a0 If there is an emergency, please contact me immediately through e-mail.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>I will be holding office hours during exam week on Monday, August 31<sup>st<\/sup>, between 11 am and 1 pm.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0This essay is based partly on the video we have watched for class in the last unit:\u00a0 chapters 4 \u2013 5 of \u201cThe Persuaders\u201d and the \u00a0reading assignment \u201cMetaphors We Live By\u201d, by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, the links for which\u00a0 can be found on Blackboard Learn, under the reading and video assignments for Week \u00a09 of this course.\u00a0 This essay is also partly based on the assigned readings \u00a0\u00a0on loaded language and propaganda, in your text on pp. 458 &#8211; 469;\u00a0 on fallacies in chapter 7 of your text; <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>LENGTH OF ESSAY AND POLICY ON PLAGIARISM:\u00a0 After watching the above video and doing the assigned readings, you should type an approximately\u00a0\u00a0 3 page double-spaced essay\u00a0 (of font size 10 or 11) which interweaves the answers to the main\u00a0 questions (in capital letters) below, with details from the assigned video and readings to support your answers.\u00a0\u00a0 You need not summarize the video for this essay, and you need not discuss everything in the video, but you must include specific examples to support your points and you must show evidence of having watched the video, as well as having done the assigned readings.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>MAKE SURE TO WATCH ALL 4 VIDEOS IN THE LINK BELOW\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Video Link (The Persuaders)<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/video\/flv\/generic.html?s=frol02p74&amp;continuous=1\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/video\/flv\/generic.html?s=frol02p74&amp;continuous=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I will not accept essays that are shorter than 2 double-spaced pages (44 lines of text of 10 or 11 size font)<\/strong>. \u00a0\u00a0<strong>Your essay may be longer than 3 pages, but should not exceed\u00a0 5 pages.\u00a0 You are not expected to use any outside sources in your discussion (that is, you are expected to only use assigned readings and videos for the course, as stated above), but, if you do use outside sources, you must include citations.\u00a0 Failure to cite outside sources will be counted as plagiarism, for which there are penalties (see the syllabus).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>PUT YOUR NAME ON EVERY PAGE OF YOUR ESSAY AND STAPLE THE PAGES OF YOUR ESSAY TOGETHER.\u00a0 INCLUDE MY NAME ON THE FRONT PAGE.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Keep a copy of your final essay in print or saved electronically just in case I claim that I never received it.\u00a0 This is for your own protection.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>DIFFERENT TYPES OF PERSUASION AND PROPAGANDA, LANGUAGE USE, AND FALLACIES <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chapters 4 \u2013 6 of \u201cThe Persuaders\u201d discusses different ways in which marketers and political consultants and political campaigners use various techniques to \u201cpersuade\u201d the public to either buy certain goods or to support certain political positions or candidates and it never explicitly connects this \u201cpersuasion\u201d to propaganda, while the article by George Lakoff discusses the different ways that metaphors inform the way we think generally and also politically. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Interweave into one essay a discussion of the following questions (#1, #2 &amp; #3):\u00a0 The main themes are in CAPITAL LETTERS, and the questions beneath the main themes are guidelines and reminders of what we have, or will, discuss in class.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>MAIN QUESTION TO BE ADDRESSED: <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0Given Lakoff\u2019s metaphor that \u201cargument is war\u201d (as found in the assigned articleMetaphors we Live by), \u00a0and given Rapaille\u2019s approach to marketing and Frank Luntz\u2019s approach to politics and language in the video, \u201cThe Persuaders\u201d, do these undermine the traditional approach to argument, and aims, in critical reasoning, as discussed in the first week and last weeks of this course (see also the description of the course in the syllabus)?\u00a0 \u00a0In answering this question, you should address what critical reasoning is, by reference to the description on the syllabus, to any class discussions throughout the term on critical reasoning, recognizing assumptions, identifying types of evidence, identifying and evaluating arguments, etc.\u00a0 Do such techniques found in these videos undermine critical reasoning, and how or how not?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>WHAT TO ADDRESS IN ANSWERING THE MAIN QUESTION ABOVE:\u00a0 In answering the main question above, you should explain how the metaphor \u201cargument is war\u201d influences our expectations of what a good argument is and compare and contrast it to what we learn in a critical reasoning class AND \u00a0discuss one or more of the following:\u00a0 Rapaille (on marketing) AND\/OR Luntz (on use of language in politics, etc) as they are presented in the video \u201cThe Persuaders\u201d (chapters 4 \u2013 6).\u00a0 You may also discuss other metaphors that Lakoff mentions that might inform how we view and act upon arguments, ideas, theories, etc.\u00a0 In other words, you should feel free to draw upon the entire article by Lakoff and Johnson.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0In other words, what does the use of marketing techniques, and political consulting and campaigning techniques and\/or metaphors, imply for critical reasoning, as we have discussed the latter in this class?\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0In your discussion, use specific examples to illustrate your points.\u00a0 You should discuss what role appeal to emotions and\/or appeal to unconscious desires and\/or appeal to assumptions (either conscious or unconscious) play in each of these approaches (whichever ones you choose to discuss) and whether or not these are necessary to argumentation (see also the questions below). Although you are expected to consider our class discussions in answering these questions, you need not agree with everything discussed in class, and you need not confine yourself to examples discussed in class.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0IN YOUR DISCUSSION OF THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN #2 ABOVE, ADDRESS BRIEFLY PROPAGANDA AND\/OR FALLACIES:\u00a0 Under what circumstances might appeal to emotions become \u201cpropaganda\u201d?<\/strong><strong> Using pp. 458 \u2013 462 in your text as a reference, discuss in what ways that marketing, public relations AND\/OR political consultants, may or may not use a variety of propaganda techniques that are mentioned in the text.\u00a0\u00a0 Do any of the techniques that are mentioned in the video \u2013 and be specific (details are important) \u2013 involve the propaganda techniques (that is, the fallacies, such as glittering generalities, identification, association, testimonials) mentioned in the text, or any manipulation and deception (through language, or through emotional appeals, or otherwise)?\u00a0\u00a0 Although we might not have time to discuss every one of the propaganda techniques (or fallacies) in class, you should consider a few of them in light of the marketing and political consulting techniques found in \u201cThe Persuaders\u201d.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0In what ways do these various propaganda techniques (or fallacies) appeal to emotions or try to deceive or manipulate us or attempt to distort the evidence?\u00a0 (In addition, you may discuss some of the fallacies in chapter 7, such as appeal to the people, or appeal to pity, or appeal to force, in answering this question on the appeal to emotions.\u00a0 Notice that chapter 7 does not include a separate fallacy called \u201cappeal to the emotions\u201d.)\u00a0\u00a0 Where would you place marketing, and political consulting, as they are presented in the \u201cPersuaders\u201d on the continuum presented on p. 459 of your text?\u00a0 You need not confine yourself to what we discuss in class, but justify your answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n&nbsp;\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Do you need a similar assignment done for you from scratch? We have qualified writers to help you. We assure you an A+ quality paper that is free from plagiarism. Order now for an Amazing Discount!<br> Use Discount Code \"Newclient\" for a 15% Discount!<br><br>NB: We do not resell papers. Upon ordering, we do an original paper exclusively for you.<\/h5><br>  \n<a href=\"https:\/\/nursingwritersbureau.com\/order\/\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-14111 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/nursingwritersbureau.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/order_now.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"80\" \/><\/a>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This final assignment is due by Thursday, September 3rd, by 11:59 pm EST through turn-it-in.com. \u00a0 Because I must meet a deadline for final grades, it is very important that final assignments be submitted on time.\u00a0 If there is an emergency, please contact me immediately through e-mail. \u00a0 I will be holding office hours during [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[]},"categories":[],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - 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