/* nursingwritersbureau.com theme functions */ /* nursingwritersbureau.com theme functions */ {"id":2352,"date":"2020-07-25T21:12:42","date_gmt":"2020-07-25T21:12:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nursingwritersbureau.com\/?p=2352"},"modified":"2020-07-25T21:12:42","modified_gmt":"2020-07-25T21:12:42","slug":"nr507-week-4-midterm-latest-2017","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nursingwritersbureau.com\/nr507-week-4-midterm-latest-2017\/","title":{"rendered":"NR507 Week 4 Midterm Latest 2017"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/p>\n
Question<\/p>\n
Question 1<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Examination of the throat in a child demonstrating signs and symptoms of acute epiglottitis may contribute to which life-threatening complication?<\/p>\n
Retropharyngeal abscess<\/p>\n
Laryngospasms<\/p>\n
Rupturing of the tonsils<\/p>\n
Gagging induced aspiration<\/p>\n
Question 2<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Causes of hyperkalemia include:<\/p>\n
Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition<\/p>\n
Vomiting and diarrhea<\/p>\n
Renal failure and Addison disease<\/p>\n
Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease<\/p>\n
Question 3<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the life span of an erythrocyte (in days)?<\/p>\n
20 to 30<\/p>\n
60 to 90<\/p>\n
100 to 120<\/p>\n
200 to 240<\/p>\n
Question 4<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which substance has been shown to increase the risk of cancer when used in combination with tobacco smoking?<\/p>\n
Alcohol<\/p>\n
Steroids<\/p>\n
Antihistamines<\/p>\n
Antidepressants<\/p>\n
Question 5<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which hepatitis virus is known to be sexually transmitted?<\/p>\n
A<\/p>\n
B<\/p>\n
C<\/p>\n
D<\/p>\n
Question 6<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the purpose of the spirometry measurement?<\/p>\n
To evaluate the cause of hypoxia<\/p>\n
To measure the volume and flow rate during forced expiration<\/p>\n
To measures the gas diffusion rate at the alveolocapillary membrane<\/p>\n
To determine pH and oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations<\/p>\n
Question 7<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the direct action of atrial natriuretic hormone?<\/p>\n
Sodium retention<\/p>\n
Sodium excretion<\/p>\n
Water retention<\/p>\n
Water excretion<\/p>\n
Question 8<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the most important negative inotropic agent?<\/p>\n
Norepinephrine<\/p>\n
Epinephrine<\/p>\n
Acetylcholine<\/p>\n
Dopamine<\/p>\n
Question 9<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?<\/p>\n
Immature immune system<\/p>\n
Small alveoli<\/p>\n
Surfactant deficiency<\/p>\n
Anemia<\/p>\n
Question 10<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous membranes when he or she has a seriously low level of which immunoglobulin antibody?<\/p>\n
IgG<\/p>\n
IgM<\/p>\n
IgA<\/p>\n
IgE<\/p>\n
Question 11<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Low plasma albumin causes edema as a result of a reduction in which pressure?<\/p>\n
Capillary hydrostatic<\/p>\n
Interstitial hydrostatic<\/p>\n
Plasma oncotic<\/p>\n
Interstitial oncotic<\/p>\n
Question 12<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Erythrocyte life span of less than 120 days, ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin, and altered iron metabolism describe the pathophysiologic characteristics of which type of anemia?<\/p>\n
Aplastic<\/p>\n
Sideroblastic<\/p>\n
Anemia of chronic disease<\/p>\n
Iron deficiency<\/p>\n
Question 13<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
An infant\u2019s hemoglobin must fall below ___ g\/dl before signs of pallor, tachycardia, and systolic murmurs occur.<\/p>\n
11<\/p>\n
9<\/p>\n
7<\/p>\n
5<\/p>\n
Question 14<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What part of the kidney controls renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and renin secretion?<\/p>\n
Macula densa<\/p>\n
Visceral epithelium<\/p>\n
Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)<\/p>\n
Filtration slits<\/p>\n
Question 15<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
The lung is innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system via which nerve?<\/p>\n
Vagus<\/p>\n
Phrenic<\/p>\n
Brachial<\/p>\n
Pectoral<\/p>\n
Question 16<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which statement best describes a Schilling test?<\/p>\n
Administration of radioactive cobalamin and the measurement of its excretion in the urine to test for vitamin B12 deficiency<\/p>\n
Measurement of antigen-antibody immune complexes in the blood to test for hemolytic anemia<\/p>\n
Measurement of serum ferritin and total iron-binding capacity in the blood to test for iron deficiency anemia<\/p>\n
Administration of folate and measurement in 2 hours of its level in a blood sample to test for folic acid deficiency anemia.<\/p>\n
Question 17<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which disorder results in decreased erythrocytes and platelets with changes in leukocytes and has clinical manifestations of pallor, fatigue, petechiae, purpura, bleeding, and fever?<\/p>\n
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)<\/p>\n
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)<\/p>\n
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)<\/p>\n
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)<\/p>\n
Question 18<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells?<\/p>\n
Lying on their left side<\/p>\n
Performing the Valsalva maneuver<\/p>\n
Squatting<\/p>\n
Hyperventilating<\/p>\n
Question 19<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which hormone is required for water to be reabsorbed in the distal tubule and collecting duct?<\/p>\n
Antidiuretic hormone<\/p>\n
Aldosterone<\/p>\n
Cortisol<\/p>\n
Adrenocorticotropin hormone<\/p>\n
Question 20<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the fundamental physiologic manifestation of anemia?<\/p>\n
Hypotension<\/p>\n
Hyperesthesia<\/p>\n
Hypoxia<\/p>\n
Ischemia<\/p>\n
Question 21<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Continuous increases in left ventricular filing pressures result in which disorder?<\/p>\n
Mitral regurgitation<\/p>\n
Mitral stenosis<\/p>\n
Pulmonary edema<\/p>\n
Jugular vein distention<\/p>\n
Question 22<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which T-lymphocyte phenotype is the key determinant of childhood asthma?<\/p>\n
Cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 T-helper Th1 lymphocytes<\/p>\n
CD4 T-helper Th2 lymphocytes<\/p>\n
CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes<\/p>\n
Memory T lymphocytes<\/p>\n
Question 23<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Innervation of the bladder and internal urethral sphincter is supplied by which nerves?<\/p>\n
Peripheral nerves<\/p>\n
Parasympathetic fibers<\/p>\n
Sympathetic nervous system<\/p>\n
Tenth thoracic nerve roots<\/p>\n
Question 24<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which of the following is classified as a megaloblastic anemia?<\/p>\n
Iron deficiency<\/p>\n
Pernicious<\/p>\n
Sideroblastic<\/p>\n
Hemolytic<\/p>\n
Question 25<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
When an individual aspirates food particles, where would the nurse expect to hear decreased or absent breath sounds?<\/p>\n
Left lung<\/p>\n
Right lung<\/p>\n
Trachea<\/p>\n
Carina<\/p>\n
Question 26<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
The most common site of metastasis for a patient diagnosed with prostate cancer is which location?<\/p>\n
Bones<\/p>\n
Brain<\/p>\n
Bladder<\/p>\n
Kidney<\/p>\n
Question 27<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Perceived stress elicits an emotional, anticipatory response that begins where?<\/p>\n
Prefrontal cortex<\/p>\n
Anterior pituitary<\/p>\n
Limbic system<\/p>\n
Hypothalamus<\/p>\n
Question 28<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which manifestations of vasoocclusive crisis are associated with sickle cell disease (SCD) in infants?<\/p>\n
Atelectasis and pneumonia<\/p>\n
Edema of the hands and feet<\/p>\n
Stasis ulcers of the hands, ankles, and feet<\/p>\n
Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly<\/p>\n
Question 29<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which cytokines initiate the production of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)?<\/p>\n
IL\u20131 and IL-6<\/p>\n
IL-2 and TNF-?<\/p>\n
IFN and IL-12<\/p>\n
TNF-\u00df and IL-4<\/p>\n
Question 30<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
The generation of clonal diversity occurs primarily during which phase of life?<\/p>\n
Fetal<\/p>\n
Neonatal<\/p>\n
Infancy<\/p>\n
Puberty<\/p>\n
Question 31<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Where in the respiratory tract do the majority of foreign objects aspirated by children finally lodge?<\/p>\n
Trachea<\/p>\n
Left lung<\/p>\n
Bronchus<\/p>\n
Bronchioles<\/p>\n
Question 32<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma?<\/p>\n
IgM<\/p>\n
IgG<\/p>\n
IgE<\/p>\n
IgA<\/p>\n
Question 33<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Between which months of age does sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) most often occur?<\/p>\n
0 and 1<\/p>\n
2 and 4<\/p>\n
5 and 6<\/p>\n
6 and 7<\/p>\n
Question 34<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which complex (wave) represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations?<\/p>\n
PRS<\/p>\n
QRS<\/p>\n
QT interval<\/p>\n
P<\/p>\n
Question 35<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
When a patient has small, vesicular lesions that last between 10 and 20 days, which sexually transmitted infection is suspected?<\/p>\n
Genital herpes<\/p>\n
Chancroid<\/p>\n
Syphilis<\/p>\n
Chlamydia<\/p>\n
Question 36<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the chief predisposing factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?<\/p>\n
Low birth weight<\/p>\n
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy<\/p>\n
Premature birth<\/p>\n
Smoking during pregnancy<\/p>\n
Question 37<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which statement concerning exotoxins is true?<\/p>\n
Exotoxins are contained in cell walls of gram-negative bacteria.<\/p>\n
Exotoxins are released during the lysis of bacteria.<\/p>\n
Exotoxins are able to initiate the complement and coagulation cascades.<\/p>\n
Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth.<\/p>\n
Question 38<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Deficiencies in which element can produce depression of both B- and T-cell function?<\/p>\n
Iron<\/p>\n
Zinc<\/p>\n
Iodine<\/p>\n
Magnesium<\/p>\n
Question 39<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
The function of the foramen ovale in a fetus allows what to occur?<\/p>\n
Right-to-left blood shunting<\/p>\n
Left-to-right blood shunting<\/p>\n
Blood flow from the umbilical cord<\/p>\n
Blood flow to the lungs<\/p>\n
Question 40<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Decreased lung compliance means that the lungs are demonstrating which characteristic?<\/p>\n
Difficult deflation<\/p>\n
Easy inflation<\/p>\n
Stiffness<\/p>\n
Inability to diffuse oxygen<\/p>\n
Question 41<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
If the sinoatrial (SA) node fails, then at what rate (depolarizations per minute) can the atri-oventricular (AV) node depolarize?<\/p>\n
60 to 70<\/p>\n
40 to 60<\/p>\n
30 to 40<\/p>\n
10 to 20<\/p>\n
Question 42<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which statement concerning benign tumors is true?<\/p>\n
The resulting pain is severe.<\/p>\n
Benign tumors are not encapsulated.<\/p>\n
Benign tumors are fast growing.<\/p>\n
The cells are well-differentiated.<\/p>\n
Question 43<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
How much urine accumulates in the bladder before the mechanoreceptors sense bladder fullness?<\/p>\n
75 to 100 ml<\/p>\n
100 to 150 ml<\/p>\n
250 to 300 ml<\/p>\n
350 to 400 ml<\/p>\n
Question 44<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
How high does the plasma glucose have to be before the threshold for glucose is achieved?<\/p>\n
126 mg\/dl<\/p>\n
150 mg\/dl<\/p>\n
180 mg\/dl<\/p>\n
200 mg\/dl<\/p>\n
Question 45<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Apoptosis is a(an):<\/p>\n
Normal mechanism for cells to self-destruct when growth is excessive<\/p>\n
Antigrowth signal activated by the tumor-suppressor gene Rb<\/p>\n
Mutation of cell growth stimulated by the TP53 gene<\/p>\n
Transformation of cells from dysplasia to anaplasia<\/p>\n
Question 46<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the role of collagen in the clotting process?<\/p>\n
Initiates the clotting cascade.<\/p>\n
Activates platelets.<\/p>\n
Stimulates fibrin.<\/p>\n
Deactivates fibrinogen.<\/p>\n
Question 47<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Infants are most susceptible to significant losses in total body water because of an infant\u2019s:<\/p>\n
High body surface\u2013to\u2013body size ratio<\/p>\n
Slow metabolic rate<\/p>\n
Kidneys are not mature enough to counter fluid losses<\/p>\n
Inability to communicate adequately when he or she is thirsty<\/p>\n
Question 48<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the action of urodilatin?<\/p>\n
Urodilatin causes vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles.<\/p>\n
It causes vasodilation of the efferent arterioles.<\/p>\n
Urodilatin inhibits antidiuretic hormone secretion.<\/p>\n
It inhibits salt and water reabsorption.<\/p>\n
Question 49<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which cardiac chamber has the thinnest wall and why?<\/p>\n
The right and left atria; they are low-pressure chambers that serve as storage units and conduits for blood.<\/p>\n
The right and left atria; they are not directly involved in the preload, contractility, or afterload of the heart.<\/p>\n
The left ventricle; the mean pressure of blood coming into this ventricle is from the lung, which has a low pressure.<\/p>\n
The right ventricle; it pumps blood into the pulmonary capillaries, which have a lower pressure compared with the systemic circulation.<\/p>\n
Question 50<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Research supports the premise that exercise has a probable impact on reducing the risk of which cancer?<\/p>\n
Liver<\/p>\n
Endometrial<\/p>\n
Stomach<\/p>\n
Colon<\/p>\n
Question 51<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the trigone?<\/p>\n
A smooth muscle that comprises the orifice of the ureter<\/p>\n
The inner mucosal lining of the kidneys<\/p>\n
A smooth triangular area between the openings of the two ureters and the urethra<\/p>\n
One of the three divisions of the loop of Henle<\/p>\n
Question 52<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?<\/p>\n
Globulin<\/p>\n
Albumin<\/p>\n
Clotting factors<\/p>\n
Complement proteins<\/p>\n
Question 53<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
The glomerular filtration rate is directly related to which factor?<\/p>\n
Perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries<\/p>\n
Diffusion rate in the renal cortex<\/p>\n
Diffusion rate in the renal medulla<\/p>\n
Glomerular active transport<\/p>\n
Question 54<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Which cells have phagocytic properties similar to monocytes and contract like smooth muscles cells, thereby influencing the glomerular filtration rate?<\/p>\n
Principle cells<\/p>\n
Podocin cells<\/p>\n
Mesangial cells<\/p>\n
Intercalated cells<\/p>\n
Question 55<\/p>\n
0 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
Why is nasal congestion a serious threat to young infants?<\/p>\n
Infants are obligatory nose breathers.<\/p>\n
Their noses are small in diameter.<\/p>\n
Infants become dehydrated when mouth breathing.<\/p>\n
Their epiglottis is proportionally greater than the epiglottis of an adult\u2019s.<\/p>\n
Question 56<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
The risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) decreases for premature infants when they are born between how many weeks of gestation?<\/p>\n
16 and 20<\/p>\n
20 and 24<\/p>\n
24 and 30<\/p>\n
30 and 36<\/p>\n
Question 57<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What is the ratio of coronary capillaries to cardiac muscle cells?<\/p>\n
1:1 (one capillary per one muscle cell)<\/p>\n
1:2 (one capillary per two muscle cells)<\/p>\n
1:4 (one capillary per four muscle cells)<\/p>\n
1:10 (one capillary per ten muscle cells)<\/p>\n
Question 58<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
A person with type O blood is considered to be the universal blood donor because type O blood contains which of the following?<\/p>\n
No antigens<\/p>\n
No antibodies<\/p>\n
Both A and B antigens<\/p>\n
Both A and B antibodies<\/p>\n
Question 59<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
The drug heparin acts in hemostasis by which processes?<\/p>\n
Inhibiting thrombin and antithrombin III (AT-III)<\/p>\n
Preventing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin<\/p>\n
Shortening the fibrin strands to retract the blood clot<\/p>\n
Degrading the fibrin within blood clots<\/p>\n
Question 60<\/p>\n
2 \/ 2 pts<\/p>\n
What effects do exercise and body position have on renal blood flow?<\/p>\n
Exercise and body position activate renal parasympathetic neurons and cause mild vasoconstriction.<\/p>\n
They activate renal sympathetic neurons and cause mild vasoconstriction.<\/p>\n
Both activate renal parasympathetic neurons and cause mild vasodilation.<\/p>\n
They activate renal sympathetic neurons and cause mild vasodilation.<\/p>\n
e<\/p>\n \n
Question Question 1 2 \/ 2 pts Examination of the throat in a child demonstrating signs and symptoms of acute epiglottitis may contribute to which life-threatening complication? Retropharyngeal abscess Laryngospasms Rupturing of the tonsils Gagging induced aspiration Question 2 2 \/ 2 pts Causes of hyperkalemia include: Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition Vomiting and diarrhea Renal […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[]},"categories":[],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n